Which finding would challenge the theory that race/ethnicity is a social construct?

• A. Self-chosen racial categories differing from designated ones
• B. Genomic differences between racial/ethnic groups
• C. Inconsistent recognition of racial categories by participants
• D. Health disparities between racial/ethnic groups

Answer: (B)

The finding that would challenge the theory that race and ethnicity are social constructs is the existence of genomic differences between racial or ethnic groups. The theory that race is primarily a social construct posits that the categories we define as "races" do not reflect real and significant biological differences among people. Instead, the categories are seen as socially created based on a variety of historical, cultural, and political factors.

If research shows that there are substantive genomic differences that correlate with these racial or ethnic categories, it would provide biological evidence supporting the idea that these groups represent real differences beyond social designation. This could suggest that race has a basis in biological variation, which would directly contradict the view of race as solely a social construct.

In contrast, findings such as self-chosen racial categories, inconsistent recognition of those categories, and health disparities can all be interpreted as supporting the idea that race is largely socially defined, highlighting the variability and implications of how society constructs and understands race and ethnicity.