Define groupthink.

• A. A method of collaborative learning
• B. A phenomenon promoting diverse opinions
• C. A desire for group harmony leading to poor decisions
• D. Strategies for effective decision-making

Answer: (C)

Groupthink is a psychological phenomenon that occurs within a group, wherein the desire for harmony and conformity among members results in irrational or dysfunctional decision-making. When groupthink is present, individuals prioritize consensus and cohesion over critical analysis, leading to decisions that may overlook alternative viewpoints, suppress dissent, and ultimately result in suboptimal outcomes.

The characteristics of groupthink include the suppression of differing opinions, a lack of critical evaluation of alternatives, and the illusion of unanimity among group members. This concept is particularly important in understanding how groups can make flawed decisions, as they may ignore potential risks or dismiss valid concerns to maintain the group's perceived unity or morale.

In contrast, the other options refer to concepts that either involve collaboration or effective decision-making strategies, rather than the specific dynamics and consequences of groupthink.